Discover Your Ancient Heritage
Uncover your genetic connections to ancient farmers and hunter-gatherers spanning 12,000 years of human history
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What You'll Discover
Deep Ancestry Analysis
Compare your DNA to ancient populations from the Neolithic and Mesolithic periods
Interactive Maps
Visualize your ancestral connections across time and geography
Detailed Breakdown
Get precise percentages of your ancient farmer and hunter-gatherer ancestry
Discover Ancient Populations
Mal'ta Ice Age Hunters
Sample: MA1
Location: Mal'ta site, Lake Baikal region, Siberia
Period: Upper Paleolithic
Lifestyle: Ice Age hunter-gatherer
These Upper Paleolithic hunters were adapted to extreme cold environments during the Last Glacial Maximum. They created sophisticated mammoth ivory artifacts and developed complex survival strategies for harsh Siberian conditions. Their settlements show evidence of advanced technological capabilities and long-distance trade networks.
Ancient Ancestral South Indian (Andaman Proxy)
Sample: Andaman
Location: Andaman Islands, Bay of Bengal
Period: Modern
Lifestyle: Maritime hunter-gatherer
The Andamanese represent one of the best modern proxies for understanding the Ancient Ancestral South Indian (AASI) populations. These indigenous peoples maintained a traditional hunter-gatherer lifestyle until recent times, with sophisticated knowledge of marine resources and forest environments. Their relative isolation in the Andaman Islands helped preserve genetic lineages that provide insights into some of the earliest populations of South Asia. Their traditional lifestyle included fishing, hunting, and gathering in the tropical forest environment of the Andaman Islands.
El Mirón Ice Age Hunters
Sample: ElMiron
Location: Cantabria, Spain
Period: Upper Paleolithic
Lifestyle: Ice Age hunter
Specialized in hunting large game in glacial refuge environments. Created sophisticated lithic technologies and maintained complex social networks in challenging Ice Age conditions.
Alpine Villabruna Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: Italy_North_Villabruna_HG
Location: Northern Italy, Alpine region
Period: Late Upper Paleolithic
Lifestyle: Mountain-adapted hunter-gatherer
These Alpine hunter-gatherers developed sophisticated strategies for surviving in mountainous environments. They were skilled in hunting chamois and ibex, while also gathering high-altitude plants and maintaining seasonal camp networks.
Levantine Natufian Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: Israel_Natufian
Location: Levant (modern Israel)
Period: Epipaleolithic
Lifestyle: Semi-sedentary hunter-gatherer
The Natufians were among the first human groups to establish permanent settlements before the advent of agriculture. They intensively harvested wild cereals and developed sophisticated stone tools for processing plant foods. Their complex social organization included ritual burials and artistic expressions.
Ancient Beringian Ice Age Hunters
Sample: USR1
Location: Alaska, USA
Period: Paleolithic
Lifestyle: Ice Age hunter
Early inhabitants of Beringia, adapted to extreme Arctic conditions. Developed sophisticated hunting techniques for large Ice Age mammals and maintained complex survival strategies in harsh environments.
Early Anatolian Agricultural Pioneers
Sample: Turkey_N
Location: Central Anatolia (modern Turkey)
Period: Early Neolithic
Lifestyle: Early agricultural society, domesticated plants and animals
These early farmers represent one of humanity's first transitions to agriculture. They lived in large settled communities like Çatalhöyük, cultivating wheat and barley while domesticating sheep and goats. Their genetic legacy spread across Europe with the expansion of farming.
Sidelkino Forest-Steppe Hunters
Sample: Russia_Sidelkino_HG
Location: Middle Volga region (Russia)
Period: Late Mesolithic
Lifestyle: Forest-steppe hunter-gatherer adaptation
These hunter-gatherers lived in the transitional zone between forest and steppe, exploiting both environments. They developed complex seasonal strategies, hunting forest game in winter and following herds on the steppe in summer.
Caucasus Mountain Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: Georgia_Kotias
Location: Georgia, Caucasus Mountains
Period: Mesolithic
Lifestyle: Mountain-adapted hunter-gatherer
These mountain-adapted peoples developed unique strategies for surviving in the challenging Caucasus environment. They were skilled in hunting mountain goats and gathering high-altitude plants, while maintaining complex social networks across difficult terrain.
British Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: I6767
Location: England
Period: Mesolithic
Lifestyle: Forest hunter-gatherer
Adapted to post-glacial British environments, specializing in woodland hunting and coastal resource exploitation. Developed microcore technology and maintained seasonal mobility patterns between coast and inland areas.
Karelian Forest Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: Russia_Karelia_HG
Location: Karelia region (Northwestern Russia)
Period: Mesolithic
Lifestyle: Hunter-gatherer adaptation to northern forests
These hunter-gatherers were highly adapted to the post-glacial forests of Northern Europe. They developed sophisticated hunting techniques for large game and fishing in the numerous lakes and rivers of the region, while gathering seasonal plants and berries.
Lapa do Santo Forest Hunters
Sample: Brazil_LapaDoSanto_9200BP
Location: Lapa do Santo, Brazil
Period: Early Holocene
Lifestyle: Tropical forest hunter-gatherer
These early South American peoples developed sophisticated adaptations to diverse environments, from coastal regions to high-altitude areas. They were skilled in hunting varied game and gathering tropical forest resources, developing complex processing techniques for toxic plants.
Samara Steppe Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: Russia_Samara_HG
Location: Samara region (Eastern European Russia)
Period: Mesolithic
Lifestyle: Steppe hunter-gatherer groups
These groups inhabited the vast Eurasian steppe, developing unique adaptations to the grassland environment. They were highly mobile, following seasonal migrations of big game like aurochs and wild horses, while also exploiting river resources.
Zagros Mountain Early Farmers
Sample: I4241
Location: Zagros Mountains, Iran
Period: Early Neolithic
Lifestyle: Mountain farming society
These mountain farmers developed unique agricultural practices adapted to high-altitude environments. They were among the first to domesticate goats and sheep, while also cultivating early varieties of wheat and barley suited to mountain conditions.
Iron Gates Riverine Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: I4874
Location: Iron Gates, Serbia
Period: Mesolithic
Lifestyle: Riverine hunter-fisher-gatherer
Developed sophisticated fishing techniques and semi-permanent settlements along the Danube. Created elaborate burial practices and maintained complex social hierarchies unusual for hunter-gatherer societies.
Sulawesi Ancient Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: GUP001
Location: South Sulawesi, Leang Panninge cave
Period: Early Holocene
Lifestyle: Tropical forest hunter-gatherer
These hunter-gatherers were adapted to the tropical forest environments of Sulawesi. They developed sophisticated hunting and gathering techniques suited to the island's diverse ecosystems. Their material culture shows evidence of advanced stone tool technology and possible early exploitation of marine resources, with complex mobility patterns adapted to seasonal resource availability.
Loschbour Forest Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: Luxembourg_Loschbour
Location: Luxembourg
Period: Mesolithic
Lifestyle: Forest hunter-gatherer
These Western European hunter-gatherers were adapted to dense deciduous forests, specializing in hunting forest game like deer and wild boar. They developed complex technologies for wood working and had extensive knowledge of forest resources.
Amur River Fisher-Hunters
Sample: China_AmurRiver_N
Location: Amur River region, Northeast China
Period: Neolithic
Lifestyle: Riverine hunter-gatherer-fisher
These river-dwelling peoples developed sophisticated fishing techniques and boat technology. They created elaborate pottery for fish storage and processing, while also hunting in the surrounding taiga forests. Their settlements show evidence of complex trade networks along the river systems.
Motala Hunter-Fisher-Gatherers
Sample: I0011
Location: Motala, Sweden
Period: Mesolithic
Lifestyle: Specialized hunter-fisher-gatherer
Developed sophisticated fishing and hunting techniques adapted to post-glacial environments. Created advanced bone and antler tools and maintained complex seasonal settlement patterns around lakes and rivers.
Iberian Early Neolithic Farmers
Sample: I0409
Location: Northern Spain
Period: Early Neolithic
Lifestyle: Early agricultural society
Early adopters of agriculture in Iberia, cultivating wheat, barley, and legumes while maintaining domestic livestock. Developed sophisticated pottery traditions and established permanent settlements with evidence of complex social organization.
Moroccan Early Farmers
Sample: Morocco_EN
Location: Morocco, North Africa
Period: Early Neolithic
Lifestyle: Early agricultural society adapted to arid conditions
These early North African farmers developed unique agricultural practices adapted to semi-arid conditions. They combined farming with pastoral activities, cultivating drought-resistant crops while maintaining herds of goats and sheep.
Canadian Arctic Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: Canada_6500BP
Location: Arctic Canada
Period: Mid-Holocene
Lifestyle: Arctic-adapted hunter-gatherer
These highly specialized Arctic peoples developed remarkable adaptations to extreme cold environments. They were expert hunters of marine mammals and caribou, creating sophisticated tools and clothing for survival in harsh conditions.
Sardinian Neolithic Farmers
Sample: I15941
Location: Sardinia, Italy
Period: Neolithic
Lifestyle: Island farming society
Developed unique agricultural adaptations to island environments, creating terraced farming systems and sophisticated water management. Maintained distinctive cultural traditions and built complex megalithic structures.
Vietnamese Rice Farmers
Sample: Vietnam_N
Location: Vietnam
Period: Neolithic
Lifestyle: Early rice farming society
These early rice farmers developed sophisticated wetland cultivation techniques and complex water management systems. They created distinctive pottery traditions and maintained extensive trade networks throughout Southeast Asia.
Lake Baikal Fisher-Hunters
Sample: Russia_UstIda_LN
Location: Lake Baikal region, Siberia
Period: Late Neolithic
Lifestyle: Lake-adapted hunter-gatherer-fisher
These lake-dwelling peoples developed sophisticated fishing and hunting techniques, creating elaborate bone and stone tools. They maintained complex social networks around Lake Baikal and developed unique spiritual practices tied to the lake.
Lake Victoria Early Fisher-Hunter
Sample: KPL001
Location: Western Kenya, Lake Victoria Basin
Period: Late Stone Age
Lifestyle: Lake-adapted hunter-gatherer
The Kansyore people developed sophisticated fishing techniques adapted to Lake Victoria's ecosystem. They created specialized tools for fishing and fish processing, including distinctive pottery styles used for fish storage and cooking. Their settlement patterns show seasonal mobility between lakeshore and inland areas, with evidence of long-distance trade networks. They managed diverse resources including aquatic plants, fish, and terrestrial game, demonstrating complex environmental knowledge.
Lake Victoria Nyarindi Fisher-Hunters
Sample: NYA002
Location: Western Kenya
Period: Late Stone Age
Lifestyle: Lake-adapted hunter-gatherer-fisher
The Nyarindi people developed advanced fishing techniques and sophisticated pottery traditions adapted to processing and storing fish. They created complex settlement systems along the lakeshore, with evidence of seasonal occupation patterns and extensive trade networks. Their tool assemblages show specialization for both fishing and hunting, indicating a diverse subsistence strategy that maximized available resources.
Portuguese Middle Neolithic Farmers
Sample: LD270
Location: Portugal
Period: Middle Neolithic
Lifestyle: Established farming community
Developed advanced agricultural practices adapted to Atlantic climate conditions. Created complex settlement systems with megalithic monuments and showed evidence of extensive maritime resource use alongside farming.
Big Bar Plains Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: Canada_BigBar_5700BP
Location: Big Bar, Canada
Period: Mid-Holocene
Lifestyle: Plains-adapted hunter-gatherer
These plains hunters developed sophisticated techniques for tracking and hunting large game, particularly bison. They created extensive seasonal movement patterns and complex social networks for resource sharing and trade.
Scottish Neolithic Farmers
Sample: I2630
Location: Scotland
Period: Neolithic
Lifestyle: Northern European farmer
Adapted farming practices to challenging northern conditions, combining agriculture with pastoral activities and marine resource exploitation. Built substantial monuments and maintained long-distance trade networks.
Welsh Neolithic Farmers
Sample: I5359
Location: Wales
Period: Neolithic
Lifestyle: Mixed farming-pastoral
Developed mixed farming strategies adapted to upland environments, combining crop cultivation with extensive pastoral activities. Created elaborate megalithic monuments and maintained sophisticated exchange networks.
Yellow River Valley Early Farmers
Sample: China_YR_LN
Location: Yellow River Valley, China
Period: Late Neolithic
Lifestyle: Advanced agricultural society
These sophisticated farmers developed intensive rice and millet cultivation systems, creating some of the earliest complex societies in East Asia. They built elaborate irrigation systems and produced distinctive painted pottery, marking the beginnings of Chinese civilization.
Kolyma River Taiga Hunters
Sample: Russia_KolymaRiver_LN
Location: Kolyma River region, Eastern Siberia
Period: Late Neolithic
Lifestyle: Taiga forest hunter-gatherer
These hunters were adapted to the harsh conditions of the Siberian taiga, developing complex hunting strategies for forest game and reindeer. They maintained extensive networks of seasonal camps and developed sophisticated fur-working technologies.
Indus Valley Civilization
Sample: I6113
Location: Rakhigarhi, India
Period: Bronze Age
Lifestyle: South Asian population
The Indus Valley Civilization developed one of the world's first complex urban societies, with sophisticated city planning, standardized architecture, and advanced water management systems. They created elaborate craft industries including standardized weights, seals, and pottery production. Their agricultural system was based on wheat, barley, and cotton cultivation, supplemented by cattle herding. The civilization was characterized by large, planned cities like Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, featuring advanced drainage systems, multi-story buildings, and public baths.
Cameroon Forest-Savanna Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: I10873
Location: Central Cameroon
Period: Stone-Metal Age
Lifestyle: Forest-savanna transition hunter-gatherer
These groups inhabited the ecologically diverse region between rainforest and savanna, developing sophisticated technologies for both environments. They were among the first in Central Africa to experiment with metallurgy while maintaining traditional stone tool technologies. Their settlements show evidence of both hunting-gathering and early plant management practices. They developed complex seasonal mobility patterns that took advantage of both forest and savanna resources.
Tanzania Kisese Savanna Hunters
Sample: I8821
Location: Central Tanzania
Period: Late Stone Age
Lifestyle: Savanna hunter-gatherer
These hunter-gatherers developed sophisticated strategies for surviving in semi-arid savanna environments. They created effective hunting techniques for large game and developed methods for processing and storing wild plant resources. Their rock shelter settlements show evidence of long-term occupation and artistic traditions, including rock paintings that document their cultural practices and environmental knowledge.
Swedish Funnel Beaker Farmers
Sample: Gokhem2
Location: Southern Sweden
Period: Middle Neolithic
Lifestyle: Northern European farmer
Members of the Funnel Beaker Culture (TRB), representing the adaptation of farming to Scandinavian conditions. Developed distinctive pottery styles and monumental architecture while maintaining mixed farming-hunting practices.
Early Maya Lowland Farmers
Sample: I19950
Location: Belize
Period: Archaic
Lifestyle: Early agricultural society
Early adopters of maize cultivation in the Maya lowlands. Developed sophisticated forest management practices and early horticultural techniques. Created permanent settlements with evidence of early architectural features. Maintained complex trade networks throughout the region.
Ethiopian Highland Agropastoralists
Sample: I5950
Location: Ethiopian Highlands
Period: Bronze Age
Lifestyle: Mixed farming-herding society
These highland dwellers developed unique agricultural practices adapted to high-altitude environments. They combined cattle herding with cultivation of indigenous crops like teff and ensete, creating sustainable farming systems in challenging mountain conditions. Their settlements show evidence of long-distance trade connections with both the Nile Valley and the Red Sea coast.
Ethiopian Highland Early Farmers
Sample: I5950
Location: Ethiopian Highlands
Period: Bronze Age
Lifestyle: Early farming society
These early Ethiopian farmers developed unique agricultural practices adapted to highland environments, cultivating indigenous crops like teff and ensete. They created sophisticated terracing systems for hillside farming and developed complex water management techniques. Their settlements show evidence of permanent architecture and storage facilities, indicating a well-established agricultural society. They maintained extensive trade networks connecting the highlands with both the Red Sea coast and the Nile Valley.
Jomon Maritime Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: I13882
Location: Japan
Period: Jomon
Lifestyle: Maritime hunter-gatherer
Created some of the world's earliest pottery and developed complex sedentary hunter-gatherer societies. Specialized in marine resource exploitation and forest management, with sophisticated food processing technologies.
Laotian Bronze Age Farmers
Sample: Laos_LN_BA
Location: Laos
Period: Late Neolithic/Bronze Age
Lifestyle: Early agricultural society
These farmers developed sophisticated rice cultivation techniques adapted to the monsoon climate of mainland Southeast Asia. They combined agriculture with fishing and forest resource exploitation, creating a diverse subsistence strategy.
Willandra Lakes Desert Hunters
Sample: AUS_Willandra_Lakes_4000BP
Location: Willandra Lakes, Australia
Period: Mid-Holocene
Lifestyle: Arid-adapted hunter-gatherer
These hunter-gatherers were highly adapted to the arid environments of inland Australia. They developed sophisticated water management strategies and maintained extensive trading networks across vast distances.
Kenya Rift Valley Pastoral Farmers
Sample: I8758
Location: Rift Valley, Kenya
Period: Pastoral Neolithic
Lifestyle: Early pastoral society
Specialized in cattle herding with supplementary cultivation. Developed mobile settlement patterns following seasonal grazing routes and created elaborate systems for managing livestock in semi-arid environments.
Tanzania Early Pastoral Farmers
Sample: I13977
Location: Northern Tanzania
Period: Pastoral Neolithic
Lifestyle: Early pastoral-agricultural society
Combined pastoral and agricultural practices, managing livestock while cultivating drought-resistant crops. Developed sophisticated water management systems and maintained extensive trade networks across the Rift Valley region.
Barham Riverine Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: AUS_Barham_1600BP-1400BP
Location: Barham, Australia
Period: Late Holocene
Lifestyle: Riverine-adapted hunter-gatherer
These groups were adapted to the rich riverine environments of southeastern Australia. They developed sophisticated fishing techniques and maintained seasonal movement patterns along river systems, while managing local resources through traditional ecological knowledge.
Vanuatu Maritime Settlers
Sample: VUT_2300BP
Location: Vanuatu, Melanesia
Period: Late Holocene
Lifestyle: Maritime-adapted society
These maritime-adapted peoples developed sophisticated navigation and fishing techniques. They maintained extensive inter-island trading networks and developed complex horticultural systems suited to tropical island environments.
South African Late Stone Age Hunter-Gatherers
Sample: bab001
Location: South Africa
Period: Iron Age
Lifestyle: Savanna hunter-gatherer
These hunter-gatherers maintained traditional foraging practices in diverse South African landscapes, from coastal areas to inland savannas. They developed sophisticated tracking techniques and seasonal mobility patterns, with evidence of complex social networks and knowledge-sharing systems across large territories.
Moche Coastal Farmers
Sample: I2238
Location: Northern Peru
Period: Early Intermediate Period
Lifestyle: Complex agricultural society
The Moche developed complex irrigation systems and intensive agriculture in coastal valleys. Created elaborate urban centers with monumental architecture. Maintained sophisticated craft production and extensive trade networks. Advanced metallurgy and ceramic technologies demonstrate high level of technological achievement.
Tiwanaku Highland Farmers
Sample: I0976
Location: Tiwanaku, Bolivia
Period: Middle Horizon
Lifestyle: Highland agricultural society
Developed sophisticated agricultural techniques including raised field systems and terracing. Created complex urban centers with monumental architecture. Maintained extensive trade networks across diverse ecological zones. Advanced understanding of frost-resistant agriculture and water management.
Chilean Coastal Farmers
Sample: I2538
Location: Central Chile
Period: Middle Horizon
Lifestyle: Coastal agricultural society
Developed mixed subsistence strategies combining maritime resources with agriculture. Created sophisticated fishing technologies while maintaining agricultural practices. Established complex trade networks connecting coastal and inland regions.
Your Journey Through Time
12,000-9,500 BCE
Connect with Natufian hunter-gatherers, among the first to establish permanent settlements
9,000-8,000 BCE
Trace your lineage to early Anatolian farmers who pioneered agriculture
7,000-6,000 BCE
Discover your connection to Zagros Mountain farmers and European hunter-gatherers
Farmers and Hunter-Gatherers Report
- ✓ Interactive Ancient Population Map
- ✓ Detailed Ancestry Timeline
- ✓ Regional Distribution Analysis
- ✓ Ancient Population Matches
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Frequently Asked Questions
How accurate is the report?
Our analysis compares your DNA to authenticated ancient samples using advanced genetic analysis techniques for high accuracy results.
What DNA file formats are accepted?
We accept raw DNA data from major testing companies including 23andMe, AncestryDNA, MyHeritage, and FTDNA.