A man buried in Russia in the Mesolithic era

The Sidelkino Culture is a hypothetical or fictional archaeological culture that has not been recognized in historical academic studies up to my last update in October 2023. However, if we are to imagine such a culture existing in a pre-Uralic era, we would need to sketch an imaginative and comprehensive portrayal that reflects plausible characteristics for a prehistoric society. Here's an extensive exploration of what the Sidelkino Culture might look like:

Geographic Setting

The Sidelkino Culture could be situated in the expansive landscapes that lie to the west of the Ural Mountains, in what today may be considered part of Eastern Europe or Western Russia. This region is characterized by vast forests, steppes, and river systems, providing a rich environmental tapestry for early human societies. The climate during the formative period of the Sidelkino would have been temperate, with cold winters and mild summers, aligning with the general climatic conditions known in prehistoric Eurasia.

Timeline

The Sidelkino Culture would plausibly exist during the late Neolithic to early Bronze Age, perhaps around 4000 to 2000 BCE. This era marks significant transitions in human history, characterized by the development of farming, metallurgy, and increasing social complexity.

Economic Practices

The Sidelkino people would likely exhibit a mixed economy of agriculture, hunting, gathering, and fishing. The fertile lands west of the Urals would facilitate the cultivation of grains such as barley and rye. Concurrently, the abundant forests and animal life would support hunting traditions, supplemented by the seasonal gathering of nuts, berries, and plants.

This culture might also show early evidence of animal domestication, with livestock including cattle, sheep, and goats. Domesticated animals provided not only meat but also secondary products like milk, wool, and hides.

Technological Advancements

In terms of technology, the Sidelkino Culture could be marked by the emergence of early metallurgy. The production of copper tools and weapons would have begun to replace earlier stone implements. This culture might also demonstrate early experimentation with bronze, leading to more durable weaponry and tools, thus marking a technological advancement.

Pottery would be a prominent feature, with the Sidelkino artisans creating intricate ceramic designs for both functional and ceremonial uses. Their pottery could display motifs reflecting their religious beliefs or mythological narratives.

Social Organization

The social structure of the Sidelkino might be organized into small, kin-based groups, possibly evolving into more complex chiefdoms as they advanced. Leadership could be based on lineage, spiritual prowess, or martial ability.

Communities would likely be built around village settings with semi-permanent dwellings made from wood and thatch, utilizing the abundant natural resources. Evidence of communal structures such as large gathering halls or ritual spaces could indicate a more organized society with hierarchical elements.

Cultural and Spiritual Life

The spiritual and cultural life of the Sidelkino could be rich and diverse, deeply connected to their natural environment. Animistic beliefs, where natural elements such as rivers, trees, and stones possess spirits, might dominate their religious framework. Shamanistic practices could play a crucial role in both religious ceremonies and healing practices.

Artistic expressions might include intricate carvings, body adornments with beads and shells, and perhaps early petroglyphs depicting animals, gods, and significant myths. Storytelling, music, and dance would be fundamental in communal gatherings, serving both entertainment and cultural education purposes.

Trade and Interactions

Given their location, the Sidelkino Culture might have engaged in trade with neighboring groups. They could play a pivotal role in facilitating interactions between European and Asian cultures. Trade items might include flint, furs, textiles, and metal objects.

Legacy and Influence

The legacy of the Sidelkino Culture would be seen in subsequent cultural developments, potentially influencing the cultural dynamics as the Proto-Uralic peoples emerged. The artistic styles, technological innovations, and spiritual beliefs of the Sidelkino might also leave an imprint on neighboring cultures, contributing to the vast cultural tapestry of prehistoric Eurasia.

In sum, the Sidelkino Culture, as an imaginative construct based on plausible prehistoric patterns, offers a fascinating glimpse into what might characterize a society in the region west of the Urals before the widespread influence of Uralic languages and cultures. It would be a society defined by its adaptability, cultural richness, and technological innovations, embodying the complexities of human development in the Neolithic to Bronze Age transition.

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Ancient genetic admixture analysis compares the DNA profile of this individual (MUR021) with present-day reference populations. These results show what percentage of the individual's genetic makeup resembles ancient populations from different geographic regions.

Modern genetic admixture analysis compares the DNA profile of this individual (MUR021) with present-day reference populations. These results show what percentage of the individual's genetic makeup resembles modern populations from different geographic regions.

These results complement the ancient ancestry components shown in the previous section, offering a different perspective on the individual's genetic profile by comparing it with modern reference populations rather than prehistoric ancestral groups.

The G25 coordinates for the sample MUR021 are as follows. You can analyze its admixture using G25 Studio.

Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers