A woman buried in Germany in the Bronze Age era

HUGO_171
Portrait reconstruction
Disclaimer: The portrait shown is a speculative reconstruction and not the actual face of the ancient sample. It represents an artistic interpretation based on archaeological data.
Specimen Details
Sample ID:
HUGO_171
Date:
2397 BCE - 2146 BCE
Biological Sex:
Female
mtDNA:
U5a1a1l
Y-DNA:
Not applicable
Cultural Period:
Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany
Location
Country:
Germany
Locality:
Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße
Coordinates:
48.3285, 10.8982
Map Location
Historical Timeline
Description

The Bell Beaker Culture, which flourished during the late Neolithic to the early Bronze Age period, approximately 2800-1800 BCE, represents a significant archaeological culture noted for its distinctive pottery and widespread influence across Europe. In the context of the Lech Valley in Germany, the Bell Beaker Culture offers fascinating insights into the sociocultural dynamics of prehistoric Europe, particularly during the transitionary phase from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age.

Archaeological Context

Location and Geography: The Lech Valley, situated in the present-day state of Bavaria in southern Germany, provides a rich archaeological setting with its fertile plains and proximity to water resources, making it conducive to both agriculture and trade. This region, part of the upper Danube catchment, was crucial for the movement of people and goods, thus acting as a cultural crossroads where different traditions intersected.

Timeline: The Bell Beaker presence in the Lech Valley is primarily traced back to around 2500-2200 BCE, aligning with the middle to late phases of the broader Bell Beaker phenomenon in Central Europe. This was a time marked by substantial social and economic transformations, as communities navigated shifts from predominantly agrarian lifestyles toward more complex, hierarchical societies.

Cultural Characteristics

Pottery: The Bell Beaker Culture is named after its iconic pottery, characterized by its bell-shaped profile and intricate horizontal decorations, often incised or cord-impressed. These vessels, likely used in both domestic and funerary contexts, underline a shared aesthetic that facilitated a cultural cohesion across long distances.

Metalwork: The introduction and dissemination of metallurgy, particularly copper and bronze, are pivotal aspects of the Bell Beaker period. In the Lech Valley, metal artifacts such as flat axes, daggers, and ornamental items underscore the technological advancements of the era and suggest a burgeoning interest in metallurgy as both a practical skill and a status marker.

Burial Practices: Grave goods and burial customs provide extensive information about Bell Beaker societies in the Lech Valley. Cemeteries often contain rich assemblages, including pottery, metal tools, and personal ornaments. Burials tend to be individual inhumations, with a significant number of male graves emphasizing martial or hunting-related symbolism, reflecting a warrior ethos.

Subsistence and Settlement: Evidence suggests a mixed economy with settlements engaged in both agriculture and pastoralism. The exploitation of fertile lands for crop cultivation, alongside animal husbandry, illustrates a balanced subsistence strategy. Moreover, settlements in this era were typically small, dispersed hamlets or farmsteads, indicating a semi-sedentary lifestyle with potential seasonal mobility.

Societal Structure

Social Organization: The Bell Beaker Culture in the Lech Valley appears to have been organized in complex social structures, likely involving clans or extended family groups. The wealth of grave goods and the variability in burial statuses hint at social stratification, where certain individuals or families occupied more privileged positions.

Trade and Interaction: The Lech Valley's strategic location facilitated extensive trade and communication networks. The presence of exotic materials, such as amber from the Baltic and evidence of long-distance metal trade, demonstrates the region's integration into wider European networks. This connectivity not only influenced material culture but was also crucial in the exchange of ideas and technological innovations.

Legacy and Influence

Cultural Integration: The Bell Beaker Culture is pivotal in understanding the diffusion of new technologies and cultural practices across Europe. Its mingling with indigenous cultures, particularly during its decline around 1800 BCE, played a part in the development of the subsequent Urnfield Culture, which is characterized by widespread cremation practices and a further advance in metallurgical skill.

Interpretations and Debates: The Bell Beaker Culture in the Lech Valley, like elsewhere, is the subject of ongoing scholarly debate. Theories range from it representing mass migrations of people due to its sudden widespread appearance, to a cultural package comprising specific technologies and practices adopted by various indigenous groups. Recent genetic studies have begun to unravel these complexities, showing both continuity and change in populations.

In summary, the Bell Beaker Culture's influence in the Lech Valley is emblematic of a transformative era in prehistoric Europe, marking a critical juncture in the continent's prehistoric development where technological, social, and cultural evolutions were extensively interwoven.

Related Samples
Sample ID Culture/Period Date Location Action
AITI_119 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1883 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_120 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1870 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_2 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1885 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_32 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1881 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_33 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1740 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_37 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2018 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_43 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1888 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_55 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1926 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_5 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1893 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_65adult Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1885 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_66 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1917 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_70 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2116 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_72 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1931 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_77A Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2016 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_77B Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1890 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_78 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1891 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_92 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1890 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_95 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1872 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_98 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1742 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
ALT_3 Corded Ware Culture, Tauber Valley, Germany 2600 BCE Althausen, Germany View
ALT_4 Corded Ware Culture, Tauber Valley, Germany 2573 BCE Althausen, Germany View
AMP_1 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2473 BCE Königsbrunn-Ampack, Germany View
HUGO_169Sk1 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2566 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_180Sk2 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2461 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
OBKR_117 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2022 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_2 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2026 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_47 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2139 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_50 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2114 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_66 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2029 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_67 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2026 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_73 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2027 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_80 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2136 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_81 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2027 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_86 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2035 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_93 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2112 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_95 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2029 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_96 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2016 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_9A Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2026 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OTTM_141 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1672 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_142 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1687 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_151ind1 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1746 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_151ind2 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1617 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_152 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1620 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_165 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1736 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_81 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1620 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_84 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1622 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_87 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1687 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_91 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1427 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
POST_12 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2193 BCE Haunstetten-Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_131 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2127 BCE Haunstetten-Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_140 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2124 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_1 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2027 BCE Haunstetten-Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_28 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2027 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_32 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2034 BCE Haunstetten-Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_35 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2035 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_44 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2189 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_47 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2136 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_50 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2199 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_6 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2015 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_99 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2133 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
UNTA58_147 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2035 BCE Haunstetten-Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA58_152 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2011 BCE Haunstetten-Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA58_153 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2008 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA58_67 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2451 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA58_68Sk1 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2500 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA58_68Sk2 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2468 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA85_1336 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2463 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 85 I (northern group), Germany View
UNTA85_1343 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2401 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 85 I (northern group), Germany View
UNTA85_1412 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2028 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 85, Germany View
WEHR_1192SkA Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2339 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1193 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1947 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1414 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2026 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1415adult Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2014 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1415child Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2022 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1474 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2030 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1564 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2021 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1586 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1952 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
AITI_87 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1875 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
FMW Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2138 BCE Friedberg - Metzgerwäldchen, Germany View
HUGO_167 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2275 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_168 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2291 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_171 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2397 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_180Sk1 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2457 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_190 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2275 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
OBKR_6 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2031 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_76 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2016 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_82 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2027 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_84 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2022 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
POST_16 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2029 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_2 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2131 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_85 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2127 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
UNTA121_FK61 Corded Ware Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2906 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 121, Germany View
UNTA58_149 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2026 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA89_FK231 Corded Ware Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2876 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 89, Germany View
WEHR_1192SkB Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1926 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
AITI_50 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1926 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_40 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1883 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
OTTM_156 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1606 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_154 Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1943 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
ALT_1 Corded Ware Culture, Tauber Valley, Germany 2572 BCE Althausen, Germany View
AITI_36 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 2011 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_62A Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1886 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
ALT_2 Corded Ware Culture, Tauber Valley, Germany 2600 BCE Althausen, Germany View
OTTM_141A Middle Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1671 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
AITI_86 Early Bronze Age Lech Valley, Germany 1894 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_87 1875 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
HUGO_168 2291 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_171 2397 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_180Sk1 2457 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_190 2275 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
WEHR_1192SkB 1926 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
AITI_36 2011 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_40 1883 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_50 1926 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_86 1894 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
OTTM_141A 1671 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_154 1943 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_156 1606 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
AITI_62A 1886 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_65adult 1885 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_66 1917 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_77A 2016 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_77B 1890 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_92 1890 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
AITI_95 1872 BCE Kleinaitingen - Gewerbegebiet Nord, Germany View
ALT_1 2572 BCE Althausen, Germany View
ALT_2 2600 BCE Althausen, Germany View
ALT_3 2600 BCE Althausen, Germany View
ALT_4 2573 BCE Althausen, Germany View
AMP_1 2473 BCE Königsbrunn-Ampack, Germany View
HUGO_180Sk2 2461 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
OBKR_117 2022 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_2 2026 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_47 2139 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_50 2114 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_66 2029 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_67 2026 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_73 2027 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_81 2027 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_86 2035 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_93 2112 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_95 2029 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_96 2016 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OBKR_9A 2026 BCE Königsbrunn - Obere Kreuzstraße (Baugebiet 110), Germany View
OTTM_142 1687 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_151ind2 1617 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_152 1620 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
POST_1 2027 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_12 2193 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_131 2127 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_32 2034 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_35 2035 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
POST_99 2133 BCE Haunstetten - Postillionstraße, Germany View
UNTA58_147 2035 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA58_152 2011 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA58_68Sk2 2468 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA85_1336 2463 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 85 I (northern group), Germany View
WEHR_1193 1947 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1414 2026 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1415adult 2014 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1474 2030 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1564 2021 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
WEHR_1586 1952 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
OTTM_142 1687 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_152 1620 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
OTTM_151ind2 1617 BCE Oberottmarshausen - Kiesgrube Lauter, Germany View
Sample ID Culture/Period Date Location Action
I4124 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2459 BCE Augsburg, Germany View
I5519 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2500 BCE Augsburg, Germany View
I5520 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2800 BCE Augsburg, Germany View
I5521 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2800 BCE Augsburg, Germany View
I5522 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2800 BCE Augsburg, Germany View
I4132 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2500 BCE Augsburg, Germany View
AMP_1 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2473 BCE Königsbrunn-Ampack, Germany View
HUGO_169Sk1 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2566 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_180Sk2 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2461 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
UNTA58_67 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2451 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA58_68Sk1 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2500 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA58_68Sk2 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2468 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 58-62, Germany View
UNTA85_1336 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2463 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 85 I (northern group), Germany View
UNTA85_1343 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2401 BCE Haunstetten - Unterer Talweg 85 I (northern group), Germany View
WEHR_1192SkA Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2339 BCE Wehringen - Hochfeld, Germany View
HUGO_167 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2275 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_168 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2291 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_171 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2397 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_180Sk1 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2457 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
HUGO_190 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2275 BCE Augsburg - Hugo-Eckener-Straße, Germany View
RISE559 Bell Beaker Culture, Lech Valley, Germany 2459 BCE Augsburg (Bavaria), Germany View
Ancient Genetic Admixture

Ancient genetic admixture analysis compares the DNA profile of this individual (HUGO_171) with present-day reference populations. These results show what percentage of the individual's genetic makeup resembles ancient populations from different geographic regions.

Neolithic Farmers 38%
European Hunter-Gatherers 30%
Western Steppe Pastoralists 28%
Ancient Asians 4%
Modern Genetic Admixture

Modern genetic admixture analysis compares the DNA profile of this individual (HUGO_171) with present-day reference populations. These results show what percentage of the individual's genetic makeup resembles modern populations from different geographic regions.

These results complement the ancient ancestry components shown in the previous section, offering a different perspective on the individual's genetic profile by comparing it with modern reference populations rather than prehistoric ancestral groups.

Europe 86%
Northwestern European 43%
English 19.1%
Finnish 9.3%
Northwestern European 7.5%
Scandinavian 7.1%
Southern European 43%
Iberian 16.7%
Italian 13.6%
Sardinian 12.5%
Asia 11%
Northern West Asian 11%
Caucasian 9.8%
Cypriot 1.3%
Africa 2%
North African 2%
Egyptian 1.3%
North African 0.9%
Congolese & Southern East African 0%
America 1%
America 1%
Native American 0.7%
G25 Coordinates

The G25 coordinates for the sample HUGO_171 are as follows. You can analyze its admixture using G25 Studio.

HUGO_171,0.1166258,0.13759422,0.03629568,0.0138591,0.02956412,0.00218486,0.00142888,0.0022468,0.0083823,0.01916318,-0.00115378,0.00839742,-0.01379224,-0.0117431,0.00593848,0.00349958,0.0040694,0.002994,-0.0012506,0.00035228,0.0054384,0.00124174,-0.003596,0.00254114,0.00114229
Analyze it in G25 Studio
Scientific Papers References
Kinship-based social inequality in Bronze Age Europe
Authors:
Mittnik A, Massy K, Knipper C
Abstract:

Revealing and understanding the mechanisms behind social inequality in prehistoric societies is a major challenge. By combining genome-wide data, isotopic evidence, and anthropological and archaeological data, we have gone beyond the dominating supraregional approaches in archaeogenetics to shed light on the complexity of social status, inheritance rules, and mobility during the Bronze Age. We applied a deep microregional approach and analyzed genome-wide data of 104 human individuals deriving from farmstead-related cemeteries from the Late Neolithic to the Middle Bronze Age in southern Germany. Our results reveal individual households, lasting several generations, that consisted of a high-status core family and unrelated low-status individuals; a social organization accompanied by patrilocality and female exogamy; and the stability of this system over 700 years.

Link:
View Publication
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